diff -r d4d00a16ef26 -r bfa6074e2833 network/network_udp.c --- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 +++ b/network/network_udp.c Wed Jan 03 08:32:17 2007 +0000 @@ -0,0 +1,663 @@ +/* $Id$ */ + +#ifdef ENABLE_NETWORK + +#include "../stdafx.h" +#include "../debug.h" +#include "../string.h" +#include "network_data.h" +#include "../date.h" +#include "../map.h" +#include "network_gamelist.h" +#include "network_udp.h" +#include "../variables.h" +#include "../newgrf_config.h" + +#include "core/udp.h" + +/** + * @file network_udp.c This file handles the UDP related communication. + * + * This is the GameServer <-> MasterServer and GameServer <-> GameClient + * communication before the game is being joined. + */ + +enum { + ADVERTISE_NORMAL_INTERVAL = 30000, // interval between advertising in ticks (15 minutes) + ADVERTISE_RETRY_INTERVAL = 300, // readvertise when no response after this many ticks (9 seconds) + ADVERTISE_RETRY_TIMES = 3 // give up readvertising after this much failed retries +}; + +#define DEF_UDP_RECEIVE_COMMAND(type) void NetworkPacketReceive_ ## type ## _command(Packet *p, struct sockaddr_in *client_addr) + +static NetworkClientState _udp_cs; + +DEF_UDP_RECEIVE_COMMAND(PACKET_UDP_CLIENT_FIND_SERVER) +{ + Packet *packet; + // Just a fail-safe.. should never happen + if (!_network_udp_server) + return; + + packet = NetworkSend_Init(PACKET_UDP_SERVER_RESPONSE); + + // Update some game_info + _network_game_info.game_date = _date; + _network_game_info.map_width = MapSizeX(); + _network_game_info.map_height = MapSizeY(); + _network_game_info.map_set = _opt.landscape; + _network_game_info.companies_on = ActivePlayerCount(); + _network_game_info.spectators_on = NetworkSpectatorCount(); + _network_game_info.grfconfig = _grfconfig; + + NetworkSend_NetworkGameInfo(p, &_network_game_info); + + // Let the client know that we are here + NetworkSendUDP_Packet(_udp_server_socket, packet, client_addr); + + free(packet); + + DEBUG(net, 2, "[udp] queried from '%s'", inet_ntoa(client_addr->sin_addr)); +} + +void HandleIncomingNetworkGameInfoGRFConfig(GRFConfig *config) +{ + /* Find the matching GRF file */ + const GRFConfig *f = FindGRFConfig(config->grfid, config->md5sum); + if (f == NULL) { + /* Don't know the GRF, so mark game incompatible and the (possibly) + * already resolved name for this GRF (another server has sent the + * name of the GRF already */ + config->name = FindUnknownGRFName(config->grfid, config->md5sum, true); + SETBIT(config->flags, GCF_NOT_FOUND); + } else { + config->filename = f->filename; + config->name = f->name; + config->info = f->info; + } + SETBIT(config->flags, GCF_COPY); +} + +DEF_UDP_RECEIVE_COMMAND(PACKET_UDP_SERVER_RESPONSE) +{ + extern const char _openttd_revision[]; + NetworkGameList *item; + + // Just a fail-safe.. should never happen + if (_network_udp_server || _udp_cs.has_quit) return; + + DEBUG(net, 4, "[udp] server response from %s:%d", inet_ntoa(client_addr->sin_addr),ntohs(client_addr->sin_port)); + + // Find next item + item = NetworkGameListAddItem(inet_addr(inet_ntoa(client_addr->sin_addr)), ntohs(client_addr->sin_port)); + + NetworkRecv_NetworkGameInfo(&_udp_cs, p, &item->info); + + item->info.compatible = true; + { + /* Checks whether there needs to be a request for names of GRFs and makes + * the request if necessary. GRFs that need to be requested are the GRFs + * that do not exist on the clients system and we do not have the name + * resolved of, i.e. the name is still UNKNOWN_GRF_NAME_PLACEHOLDER. + * The in_request array and in_request_count are used so there is no need + * to do a second loop over the GRF list, which can be relatively expensive + * due to the string comparisons. */ + const GRFConfig *in_request[NETWORK_MAX_GRF_COUNT]; + const GRFConfig *c; + uint in_request_count = 0; + struct sockaddr_in out_addr; + + for (c = item->info.grfconfig; c != NULL; c = c->next) { + if (HASBIT(c->flags, GCF_NOT_FOUND)) item->info.compatible = false; + if (!HASBIT(c->flags, GCF_NOT_FOUND) || strcmp(c->name, UNKNOWN_GRF_NAME_PLACEHOLDER) != 0) continue; + in_request[in_request_count] = c; + in_request_count++; + } + + if (in_request_count > 0) { + /* There are 'unknown' GRFs, now send a request for them */ + uint i; + Packet *packet = NetworkSend_Init(PACKET_UDP_CLIENT_GET_NEWGRFS); + + NetworkSend_uint8 (packet, in_request_count); + for (i = 0; i < in_request_count; i++) { + NetworkSend_GRFIdentifier(packet, in_request[i]); + } + + out_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; + out_addr.sin_port = htons(item->port); + out_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = item->ip; + NetworkSendUDP_Packet(_udp_client_socket, packet, &out_addr); + free(packet); + } + } + + if (item->info.server_lang >= NETWORK_NUM_LANGUAGES) item->info.server_lang = 0; + if (item->info.map_set >= NUM_LANDSCAPE ) item->info.map_set = 0; + + if (item->info.hostname[0] == '\0') + snprintf(item->info.hostname, sizeof(item->info.hostname), "%s", inet_ntoa(client_addr->sin_addr)); + + /* Check if we are allowed on this server based on the revision-match */ + item->info.version_compatible = + strcmp(item->info.server_revision, _openttd_revision) == 0 || + strcmp(item->info.server_revision, NOREV_STRING) == 0; + item->info.compatible &= item->info.version_compatible; // Already contains match for GRFs + + item->online = true; + + UpdateNetworkGameWindow(false); +} + +DEF_UDP_RECEIVE_COMMAND(PACKET_UDP_CLIENT_DETAIL_INFO) +{ + NetworkClientState *cs; + NetworkClientInfo *ci; + Packet *packet; + Player *player; + byte current = 0; + int i; + + // Just a fail-safe.. should never happen + if (!_network_udp_server) return; + + packet = NetworkSend_Init(PACKET_UDP_SERVER_DETAIL_INFO); + + /* Send the amount of active companies */ + NetworkSend_uint8 (packet, NETWORK_COMPANY_INFO_VERSION); + NetworkSend_uint8 (packet, ActivePlayerCount()); + + /* Fetch the latest version of everything */ + NetworkPopulateCompanyInfo(); + + /* Go through all the players */ + FOR_ALL_PLAYERS(player) { + /* Skip non-active players */ + if (!player->is_active) continue; + + current++; + + /* Send the information */ + NetworkSend_uint8(packet, current); + + NetworkSend_string(packet, _network_player_info[player->index].company_name); + NetworkSend_uint32(packet, _network_player_info[player->index].inaugurated_year); + NetworkSend_uint64(packet, _network_player_info[player->index].company_value); + NetworkSend_uint64(packet, _network_player_info[player->index].money); + NetworkSend_uint64(packet, _network_player_info[player->index].income); + NetworkSend_uint16(packet, _network_player_info[player->index].performance); + + /* Send 1 if there is a passord for the company else send 0 */ + if (_network_player_info[player->index].password[0] != '\0') { + NetworkSend_uint8(packet, 1); + } else { + NetworkSend_uint8(packet, 0); + } + + for (i = 0; i < NETWORK_VEHICLE_TYPES; i++) + NetworkSend_uint16(packet, _network_player_info[player->index].num_vehicle[i]); + + for (i = 0; i < NETWORK_STATION_TYPES; i++) + NetworkSend_uint16(packet, _network_player_info[player->index].num_station[i]); + + /* Find the clients that are connected to this player */ + FOR_ALL_CLIENTS(cs) { + ci = DEREF_CLIENT_INFO(cs); + if (ci->client_playas == player->index) { + /* The uint8 == 1 indicates that a client is following */ + NetworkSend_uint8(packet, 1); + NetworkSend_string(packet, ci->client_name); + NetworkSend_string(packet, ci->unique_id); + NetworkSend_uint32(packet, ci->join_date); + } + } + /* Also check for the server itself */ + ci = NetworkFindClientInfoFromIndex(NETWORK_SERVER_INDEX); + if (ci->client_playas == player->index) { + /* The uint8 == 1 indicates that a client is following */ + NetworkSend_uint8(packet, 1); + NetworkSend_string(packet, ci->client_name); + NetworkSend_string(packet, ci->unique_id); + NetworkSend_uint32(packet, ci->join_date); + } + + /* Indicates end of client list */ + NetworkSend_uint8(packet, 0); + } + + /* And check if we have any spectators */ + FOR_ALL_CLIENTS(cs) { + ci = DEREF_CLIENT_INFO(cs); + if (!IsValidPlayer(ci->client_playas)) { + /* The uint8 == 1 indicates that a client is following */ + NetworkSend_uint8(packet, 1); + NetworkSend_string(packet, ci->client_name); + NetworkSend_string(packet, ci->unique_id); + NetworkSend_uint32(packet, ci->join_date); + } + } + + /* Also check for the server itself */ + ci = NetworkFindClientInfoFromIndex(NETWORK_SERVER_INDEX); + if (!IsValidPlayer(ci->client_playas)) { + /* The uint8 == 1 indicates that a client is following */ + NetworkSend_uint8(packet, 1); + NetworkSend_string(packet, ci->client_name); + NetworkSend_string(packet, ci->unique_id); + NetworkSend_uint32(packet, ci->join_date); + } + + /* Indicates end of client list */ + NetworkSend_uint8(packet, 0); + + NetworkSendUDP_Packet(_udp_server_socket, packet, client_addr); + + free(packet); +} + +DEF_UDP_RECEIVE_COMMAND(PACKET_UDP_MASTER_RESPONSE_LIST) +{ + int i; + struct in_addr ip; + uint16 port; + uint8 ver; + + /* packet begins with the protocol version (uint8) + * then an uint16 which indicates how many + * ip:port pairs are in this packet, after that + * an uint32 (ip) and an uint16 (port) for each pair + */ + + ver = NetworkRecv_uint8(&_udp_cs, p); + + if (_udp_cs.has_quit) return; + + if (ver == 1) { + for (i = NetworkRecv_uint16(&_udp_cs, p); i != 0 ; i--) { + ip.s_addr = TO_LE32(NetworkRecv_uint32(&_udp_cs, p)); + port = NetworkRecv_uint16(&_udp_cs, p); + NetworkUDPQueryServer(inet_ntoa(ip), port); + } + } +} + +DEF_UDP_RECEIVE_COMMAND(PACKET_UDP_MASTER_ACK_REGISTER) +{ + _network_advertise_retries = 0; + DEBUG(net, 2, "[udp] advertising on master server successfull"); + + /* We are advertised, but we don't want to! */ + if (!_network_advertise) NetworkUDPRemoveAdvertise(); +} + +/** + * A client has requested the names of some NewGRFs. + * + * Replying this can be tricky as we have a limit of SEND_MTU bytes + * in the reply packet and we can send up to 100 bytes per NewGRF + * (GRF ID, MD5sum and NETWORK_GRF_NAME_LENGTH bytes for the name). + * As SEND_MTU is _much_ less than 100 * NETWORK_MAX_GRF_COUNT, it + * could be that a packet overflows. To stop this we only reply + * with the first N NewGRFs so that if the first N + 1 NewGRFs + * would be sent, the packet overflows. + * in_reply and in_reply_count are used to keep a list of GRFs to + * send in the reply. + */ +DEF_UDP_RECEIVE_COMMAND(PACKET_UDP_CLIENT_GET_NEWGRFS) +{ + uint8 num_grfs; + uint i; + + const GRFConfig *in_reply[NETWORK_MAX_GRF_COUNT]; + Packet *packet; + uint8 in_reply_count = 0; + uint packet_len = 0; + + /* Just a fail-safe.. should never happen */ + if (_udp_cs.has_quit) return; + + DEBUG(net, 6, "[udp] newgrf data request from %s:%d", inet_ntoa(client_addr->sin_addr), ntohs(client_addr->sin_port)); + + num_grfs = NetworkRecv_uint8 (&_udp_cs, p); + if (num_grfs > NETWORK_MAX_GRF_COUNT) return; + + for (i = 0; i < num_grfs; i++) { + GRFConfig c; + const GRFConfig *f; + + NetworkRecv_GRFIdentifier(&_udp_cs, p, &c); + + /* Find the matching GRF file */ + f = FindGRFConfig(c.grfid, c.md5sum); + if (f == NULL) continue; // The GRF is unknown to this server + + /* If the reply might exceed the size of the packet, only reply + * the current list and do not send the other data. + * The name could be an empty string, if so take the filename. */ + packet_len += sizeof(c.grfid) + sizeof(c.md5sum) + + min(strlen((f->name != NULL && strlen(f->name) > 0) ? f->name : f->filename) + 1, NETWORK_GRF_NAME_LENGTH); + if (packet_len > SEND_MTU - 4) { // 4 is 3 byte header + grf count in reply + break; + } + in_reply[in_reply_count] = f; + in_reply_count++; + } + + if (in_reply_count == 0) return; + + packet = NetworkSend_Init(PACKET_UDP_SERVER_NEWGRFS); + NetworkSend_uint8 (packet, in_reply_count); + for (i = 0; i < in_reply_count; i++) { + char name[NETWORK_GRF_NAME_LENGTH]; + + /* The name could be an empty string, if so take the filename */ + ttd_strlcpy(name, (in_reply[i]->name != NULL && strlen(in_reply[i]->name) > 0) ? + in_reply[i]->name : in_reply[i]->filename, sizeof(name)); + NetworkSend_GRFIdentifier(packet, in_reply[i]); + NetworkSend_string(packet, name); + } + + NetworkSendUDP_Packet(_udp_server_socket, packet, client_addr); + free(packet); +} + +/** The return of the client's request of the names of some NewGRFs */ +DEF_UDP_RECEIVE_COMMAND(PACKET_UDP_SERVER_NEWGRFS) +{ + uint8 num_grfs; + uint i; + + /* Just a fail-safe.. should never happen */ + if (_udp_cs.has_quit) return; + + DEBUG(net, 6, "[udp] newgrf data reply from %s:%d", inet_ntoa(client_addr->sin_addr),ntohs(client_addr->sin_port)); + + num_grfs = NetworkRecv_uint8 (&_udp_cs, p); + if (num_grfs > NETWORK_MAX_GRF_COUNT) return; + + for (i = 0; i < num_grfs; i++) { + char *unknown_name; + char name[NETWORK_GRF_NAME_LENGTH]; + GRFConfig c; + + NetworkRecv_GRFIdentifier(&_udp_cs, p, &c); + NetworkRecv_string(&_udp_cs, p, name, sizeof(name)); + + /* An empty name is not possible under normal circumstances + * and causes problems when showing the NewGRF list. */ + if (strlen(name) == 0) continue; + + /* Finds the fake GRFConfig for the just read GRF ID and MD5sum tuple. + * If it exists and not resolved yet, then name of the fake GRF is + * overwritten with the name from the reply. */ + unknown_name = FindUnknownGRFName(c.grfid, c.md5sum, false); + if (unknown_name != NULL && strcmp(unknown_name, UNKNOWN_GRF_NAME_PLACEHOLDER) == 0) { + ttd_strlcpy(unknown_name, name, NETWORK_GRF_NAME_LENGTH); + } + } +} + + +// The layout for the receive-functions by UDP +typedef void NetworkUDPPacket(Packet *p, struct sockaddr_in *client_addr); + +static NetworkUDPPacket* const _network_udp_packet[] = { + RECEIVE_COMMAND(PACKET_UDP_CLIENT_FIND_SERVER), + RECEIVE_COMMAND(PACKET_UDP_SERVER_RESPONSE), + RECEIVE_COMMAND(PACKET_UDP_CLIENT_DETAIL_INFO), + NULL, + NULL, + RECEIVE_COMMAND(PACKET_UDP_MASTER_ACK_REGISTER), + NULL, + RECEIVE_COMMAND(PACKET_UDP_MASTER_RESPONSE_LIST), + NULL, + RECEIVE_COMMAND(PACKET_UDP_CLIENT_GET_NEWGRFS), + RECEIVE_COMMAND(PACKET_UDP_SERVER_NEWGRFS), +}; + + +// If this fails, check the array above with network_data.h +assert_compile(lengthof(_network_udp_packet) == PACKET_UDP_END); + + +void NetworkHandleUDPPacket(Packet *p, struct sockaddr_in *client_addr) +{ + byte type; + + /* Fake a client, so we can see when there is an illegal packet */ + _udp_cs.socket = INVALID_SOCKET; + _udp_cs.has_quit = false; + + type = NetworkRecv_uint8(&_udp_cs, p); + + if (type < PACKET_UDP_END && _network_udp_packet[type] != NULL && !_udp_cs.has_quit) { + _network_udp_packet[type](p, client_addr); + } else { + if (!_udp_cs.has_quit) { + DEBUG(net, 0, "[udp] received invalid packet type %d", type); + } else { + DEBUG(net, 0, "[udp] received illegal packet"); + } + } +} + + +// Close UDP connection +void NetworkUDPClose(void) +{ + DEBUG(net, 1, "[udp] closed listeners"); + + if (_network_udp_server) { + if (_udp_server_socket != INVALID_SOCKET) { + closesocket(_udp_server_socket); + _udp_server_socket = INVALID_SOCKET; + } + + if (_udp_master_socket != INVALID_SOCKET) { + closesocket(_udp_master_socket); + _udp_master_socket = INVALID_SOCKET; + } + + _network_udp_server = false; + _network_udp_broadcast = 0; + } else { + if (_udp_client_socket != INVALID_SOCKET) { + closesocket(_udp_client_socket); + _udp_client_socket = INVALID_SOCKET; + } + _network_udp_broadcast = 0; + } +} + +// Broadcast to all ips +static void NetworkUDPBroadCast(SOCKET udp) +{ + Packet* p = NetworkSend_Init(PACKET_UDP_CLIENT_FIND_SERVER); + uint i; + + for (i = 0; _broadcast_list[i] != 0; i++) { + struct sockaddr_in out_addr; + + out_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; + out_addr.sin_port = htons(_network_server_port); + out_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = _broadcast_list[i]; + + DEBUG(net, 4, "[udp] broadcasting to %s", inet_ntoa(out_addr.sin_addr)); + + NetworkSendUDP_Packet(udp, p, &out_addr); + } + + free(p); +} + + +// Request the the server-list from the master server +void NetworkUDPQueryMasterServer(void) +{ + struct sockaddr_in out_addr; + Packet *p; + + if (_udp_client_socket == INVALID_SOCKET) + if (!NetworkUDPListen(&_udp_client_socket, 0, 0, true)) + return; + + p = NetworkSend_Init(PACKET_UDP_CLIENT_GET_LIST); + + out_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; + out_addr.sin_port = htons(NETWORK_MASTER_SERVER_PORT); + out_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = NetworkResolveHost(NETWORK_MASTER_SERVER_HOST); + + // packet only contains protocol version + NetworkSend_uint8(p, NETWORK_MASTER_SERVER_VERSION); + + NetworkSendUDP_Packet(_udp_client_socket, p, &out_addr); + + DEBUG(net, 2, "[udp] master server queried at %s:%d", inet_ntoa(out_addr.sin_addr),ntohs(out_addr.sin_port)); + + free(p); +} + +// Find all servers +void NetworkUDPSearchGame(void) +{ + // We are still searching.. + if (_network_udp_broadcast > 0) return; + + // No UDP-socket yet.. + if (_udp_client_socket == INVALID_SOCKET) + if (!NetworkUDPListen(&_udp_client_socket, 0, 0, true)) + return; + + DEBUG(net, 0, "[udp] searching server"); + + NetworkUDPBroadCast(_udp_client_socket); + _network_udp_broadcast = 300; // Stay searching for 300 ticks +} + +NetworkGameList *NetworkUDPQueryServer(const char* host, unsigned short port) +{ + struct sockaddr_in out_addr; + Packet *p; + NetworkGameList *item; + + // No UDP-socket yet.. + if (_udp_client_socket == INVALID_SOCKET) + if (!NetworkUDPListen(&_udp_client_socket, 0, 0, true)) + return NULL; + + out_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; + out_addr.sin_port = htons(port); + out_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = NetworkResolveHost(host); + + // Clear item in gamelist + item = NetworkGameListAddItem(inet_addr(inet_ntoa(out_addr.sin_addr)), ntohs(out_addr.sin_port)); + memset(&item->info, 0, sizeof(item->info)); + ttd_strlcpy(item->info.server_name, host, lengthof(item->info.server_name)); + ttd_strlcpy(item->info.hostname, host, lengthof(item->info.hostname)); + item->online = false; + + // Init the packet + p = NetworkSend_Init(PACKET_UDP_CLIENT_FIND_SERVER); + + NetworkSendUDP_Packet(_udp_client_socket, p, &out_addr); + + free(p); + + UpdateNetworkGameWindow(false); + return item; +} + +/* Remove our advertise from the master-server */ +void NetworkUDPRemoveAdvertise(void) +{ + struct sockaddr_in out_addr; + Packet *p; + + /* Check if we are advertising */ + if (!_networking || !_network_server || !_network_udp_server) return; + + /* check for socket */ + if (_udp_master_socket == INVALID_SOCKET) + if (!NetworkUDPListen(&_udp_master_socket, _network_server_bind_ip, 0, false)) + return; + + DEBUG(net, 1, "[udp] removing advertise from master server"); + + /* Find somewhere to send */ + out_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; + out_addr.sin_port = htons(NETWORK_MASTER_SERVER_PORT); + out_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = NetworkResolveHost(NETWORK_MASTER_SERVER_HOST); + + /* Send the packet */ + p = NetworkSend_Init(PACKET_UDP_SERVER_UNREGISTER); + /* Packet is: Version, server_port */ + NetworkSend_uint8(p, NETWORK_MASTER_SERVER_VERSION); + NetworkSend_uint16(p, _network_server_port); + NetworkSendUDP_Packet(_udp_master_socket, p, &out_addr); + + free(p); +} + +/* Register us to the master server + This function checks if it needs to send an advertise */ +void NetworkUDPAdvertise(void) +{ + struct sockaddr_in out_addr; + Packet *p; + + /* Check if we should send an advertise */ + if (!_networking || !_network_server || !_network_udp_server || !_network_advertise) + return; + + /* check for socket */ + if (_udp_master_socket == INVALID_SOCKET) + if (!NetworkUDPListen(&_udp_master_socket, _network_server_bind_ip, 0, false)) + return; + + if (_network_need_advertise) { + _network_need_advertise = false; + _network_advertise_retries = ADVERTISE_RETRY_TIMES; + } else { + /* Only send once every ADVERTISE_NORMAL_INTERVAL ticks */ + if (_network_advertise_retries == 0) { + if ((_network_last_advertise_frame + ADVERTISE_NORMAL_INTERVAL) > _frame_counter) + return; + _network_advertise_retries = ADVERTISE_RETRY_TIMES; + } + + if ((_network_last_advertise_frame + ADVERTISE_RETRY_INTERVAL) > _frame_counter) + return; + } + + _network_advertise_retries--; + _network_last_advertise_frame = _frame_counter; + + /* Find somewhere to send */ + out_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; + out_addr.sin_port = htons(NETWORK_MASTER_SERVER_PORT); + out_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = NetworkResolveHost(NETWORK_MASTER_SERVER_HOST); + + DEBUG(net, 1, "[udp] advertising to master server"); + + /* Send the packet */ + p = NetworkSend_Init(PACKET_UDP_SERVER_REGISTER); + /* Packet is: WELCOME_MESSAGE, Version, server_port */ + NetworkSend_string(p, NETWORK_MASTER_SERVER_WELCOME_MESSAGE); + NetworkSend_uint8(p, NETWORK_MASTER_SERVER_VERSION); + NetworkSend_uint16(p, _network_server_port); + NetworkSendUDP_Packet(_udp_master_socket, p, &out_addr); + + free(p); +} + +void NetworkUDPInitialize(void) +{ + _udp_client_socket = INVALID_SOCKET; + _udp_server_socket = INVALID_SOCKET; + _udp_master_socket = INVALID_SOCKET; + + _network_udp_server = false; + _network_udp_broadcast = 0; +} + +#endif /* ENABLE_NETWORK */