author | rubidium |
Fri, 21 Dec 2007 19:21:21 +0000 | |
changeset 8113 | 31b7784db761 |
parent 8055 | 49cf1521d591 |
child 8132 | f4c7a8e4f25a |
permissions | -rw-r--r-- |
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/* $Id$ */ |
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/** @file bitmath_func.hpp */ |
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#ifndef BITMATH_FUNC_HPP |
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#define BITMATH_FUNC_HPP |
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/** |
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* Fetch n bits from x, started at bit s. |
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* |
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* This function can be used to fetch n bits from the value x. The |
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* s value set the startposition to read. The startposition is |
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* count from the LSB and starts at 0. The result starts at a |
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* LSB, as this isn't just an and-bitmask but also some |
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* bit-shifting operations. GB(0xFF, 2, 1) will so |
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* return 0x01 (0000 0001) instead of |
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* 0x04 (0000 0100). |
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* |
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* @param x The value to read some bits. |
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* @param s The startposition to read some bits. |
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* @param n The number of bits to read. |
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* @return The selected bits, aligned to a LSB. |
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*/ |
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template<typename T> static inline uint GB(const T x, const uint8 s, const uint8 n) |
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{ |
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return (x >> s) & ((1U << n) - 1); |
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} |
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/** Set n bits from x starting at bit s to d |
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* |
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* This function sets n bits from x which started as bit s to the value of |
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* d. The parameters x, s and n works the same as the parameters of |
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* #GB. The result is saved in x again. Unused bits in the window |
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* provided by n are set to 0 if the value of b isn't "big" enough. |
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* This is not a bug, its a feature. |
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* |
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* @note Parameter x must be a variable as the result is saved there. |
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* @note To avoid unexpecting results the value of b should not use more |
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* space as the provided space of n bits (log2) |
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* @param x The variable to change some bits |
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* @param s The startposition for the new bits |
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* @param n The size/window for the new bits |
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* @param d The actually new bits to save in the defined position. |
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* @return The new value of x |
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*/ |
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template<typename T, typename U> static inline T SB(T& x, const uint8 s, const uint8 n, const U d) |
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{ |
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x &= (T)(~(((1U << n) - 1) << s)); |
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x |= (T)(d << s); |
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return x; |
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} |
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/** Add i to n bits of x starting at bit s. |
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* |
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* This add the value of i on n bits of x starting at bit s. The parameters x, |
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* s, i are similar to #GB besides x must be a variable as the result are |
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* saved there. An overflow does not affect the following bits of the given |
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* bit window and is simply ignored. |
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* |
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* @note Parameter x must be a variable as the result is saved there. |
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* @param x The variable to add some bits at some position |
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* @param s The startposition of the addition |
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* @param n The size/window for the addition |
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* @param i The value to add at the given startposition in the given window. |
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* @return The new value of x |
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*/ |
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template<typename T, typename U> static inline T AB(T& x, const uint8 s, const uint8 n, const U i) |
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{ |
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const T mask = (T)(((1U << n) - 1) << s); |
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x = (T)((x & ~mask) | ((x + (i << s)) & mask)); |
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return x; |
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} |
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/** |
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* Checks if a bit in a value is set. |
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* |
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* This function checks if a bit inside a value is set or not. |
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* The y value specific the position of the bit, started at the |
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* LSB and count from 0. |
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* |
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* @param x The value to check |
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* @param y The position of the bit to check, started from the LSB |
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* @return True if the bit is set, false else. |
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*/ |
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template<typename T> static inline bool HasBit(const T x, const uint8 y) |
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{ |
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return (x & ((T)1U << y)) != 0; |
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} |
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/** |
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* Check several bits in a value. |
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* |
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* This macro checks if a value contains at least one bit of an other |
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* value. |
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* |
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* @param x The first value |
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* @param y The second value |
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* @return True if at least one bit is set in both values, false else. |
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*/ |
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#define HASBITS(x, y) ((x) & (y)) |
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|
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/** |
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* Set a bit in a variable. |
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* |
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* This function sets a bit in a variable. The variable is changed |
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* and the value is also returned. Parameter y defines the bit and |
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* starts at the LSB with 0. |
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* |
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* @param x The variable to set a bit |
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* @param y The bit position to set |
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* @return The new value of the old value with the bit set |
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*/ |
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template<typename T> static inline T SetBit(T& x, const uint8 y) |
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{ |
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return x = (T)(x | (T)(1U << y)); |
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} |
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/** |
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* Sets several bits in a variable. |
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* |
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* This macro sets several bits in a variable. The bits to set are provided |
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* by a value. The new value is also returned. |
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* |
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* @param x The variable to set some bits |
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* @param y The value with set bits for setting them in the variable |
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* @return The new value of x |
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*/ |
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#define SETBITS(x, y) ((x) |= (y)) |
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|
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130 |
/** |
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* Clears a bit in a variable. |
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* |
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* This function clears a bit in a variable. The variable is |
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* changed and the value is also returned. Parameter y defines the bit |
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* to clear and starts at the LSB with 0. |
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* |
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* @param x The variable to clear the bit |
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* @param y The bit position to clear |
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* @return The new value of the old value with the bit cleared |
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*/ |
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template<typename T> static inline T ClrBit(T& x, const uint8 y) |
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{ |
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return x = (T)(x & ~((T)1U << y)); |
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} |
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145 |
|
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146 |
/** |
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* Clears several bits in a variable. |
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* |
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* This macro clears several bits in a variable. The bits to clear are |
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* provided by a value. The new value is also returned. |
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* |
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* @param x The variable to clear some bits |
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* @param y The value with set bits for clearing them in the variable |
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* @return The new value of x |
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*/ |
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156 |
#define CLRBITS(x, y) ((x) &= ~(y)) |
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157 |
|
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158 |
/** |
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* Toggles a bit in a variable. |
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* |
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* This function toggles a bit in a variable. The variable is |
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* changed and the value is also returned. Parameter y defines the bit |
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* to toggle and starts at the LSB with 0. |
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164 |
* |
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* @param x The varliable to toggle the bit |
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* @param y The bit position to toggle |
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* @return The new value of the old value with the bit toggled |
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*/ |
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template<typename T> static inline T ToggleBit(T& x, const uint8 y) |
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{ |
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return x = (T)(x ^ (T)(1U << y)); |
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} |
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173 |
|
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174 |
|
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/** Lookup table to check which bit is set in a 6 bit variable */ |
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extern const uint8 _ffb_64[64]; |
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|
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178 |
/** |
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* Returns the first occure of a bit in a 6-bit value (from right). |
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180 |
* |
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* Returns the position of the first bit that is not zero, counted from the |
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* LSB. Ie, 110100 returns 2, 000001 returns 0, etc. When x == 0 returns |
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* 0. |
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184 |
* |
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* @param x The 6-bit value to check the first zero-bit |
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* @return The first position of a bit started from the LSB or 0 if x is 0. |
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187 |
*/ |
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188 |
#define FIND_FIRST_BIT(x) _ffb_64[(x)] |
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189 |
|
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190 |
/** |
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191 |
* Finds the position of the first bit in an integer. |
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192 |
* |
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193 |
* This function returns the position of the first bit set in the |
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194 |
* integer. It does only check the bits of the bitmask |
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* 0x3F3F (0011111100111111) and checks only the |
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196 |
* bits of the bitmask 0x3F00 if and only if the |
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197 |
* lower part 0x00FF is 0. This results the bits at 0x00C0 must |
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* be also zero to check the bits at 0x3F00. |
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199 |
* |
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200 |
* @param value The value to check the first bits |
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201 |
* @return The position of the first bit which is set |
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202 |
* @see FIND_FIRST_BIT |
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203 |
*/ |
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204 |
static inline uint8 FindFirstBit2x64(const int value) |
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205 |
{ |
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206 |
if ((value & 0xFF) == 0) { |
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207 |
return FIND_FIRST_BIT((value >> 8) & 0x3F) + 8; |
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208 |
} else { |
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209 |
return FIND_FIRST_BIT(value & 0x3F); |
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210 |
} |
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211 |
} |
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212 |
|
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213 |
uint8 FindFirstBit(uint32 x); |
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214 |
uint8 FindLastBit(uint64 x); |
7971
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215 |
|
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216 |
/** |
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217 |
* Clear the first bit in an integer. |
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218 |
* |
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219 |
* This function returns a value where the first bit (from LSB) |
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220 |
* is cleared. |
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221 |
* So, 110100 returns 110000, 000001 returns 000000, etc. |
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222 |
* |
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223 |
* @param value The value to clear the first bit |
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224 |
* @return The new value with the first bit cleared |
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225 |
*/ |
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226 |
template<typename T> static inline T KillFirstBit(T value) |
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227 |
{ |
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228 |
return value &= (T)(value - 1); |
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229 |
} |
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230 |
|
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231 |
/** |
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232 |
* Counts the number of set bits in a variable. |
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233 |
* |
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234 |
* @param value the value to count the number of bits in. |
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235 |
* @return the number of bits. |
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236 |
*/ |
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237 |
template<typename T> static inline uint CountBits(T value) |
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238 |
{ |
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239 |
uint num; |
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240 |
|
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241 |
/* This loop is only called once for every bit set by clearing the lowest |
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242 |
* bit in each loop. The number of bits is therefore equal to the number of |
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243 |
* times the loop was called. It was found at the following website: |
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244 |
* http://graphics.stanford.edu/~seander/bithacks.html */ |
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245 |
|
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246 |
for (num = 0; value != 0; num++) { |
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247 |
value &= (T)(value - 1); |
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248 |
} |
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return num; |
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} |
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/** |
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* ROtate x Left by n |
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* |
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* @note Assumes a byte has 8 bits |
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* @param x The value which we want to rotate |
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* @param n The number how many we waht to rotate |
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* @return A bit rotated number |
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*/ |
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template<typename T> static inline T ROL(const T x, const uint8 n) |
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{ |
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return (T)(x << n | x >> (sizeof(x) * 8 - n)); |
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} |
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/** |
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* ROtate x Right by n |
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* |
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* @note Assumes a byte has 8 bits |
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* @param x The value which we want to rotate |
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* @param n The number how many we waht to rotate |
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* @return A bit rotated number |
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*/ |
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template<typename T> static inline T ROR(const T x, const uint8 n) |
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{ |
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return (T)(x >> n | x << (sizeof(x) * 8 - n)); |
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} |
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/** |
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* Do an operation for each set set bit in a value. |
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* |
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* This macros is used to do an operation for each set |
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* bit in a variable. The first variable can be reused |
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* in the operation due to it's the bit position counter. |
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* The second variable will be cleared during the usage |
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* |
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* @param i The position counter |
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* @param b The value which we check for set bits |
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*/ |
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#define FOR_EACH_SET_BIT(i, b) \ |
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for (i = 0; b != 0; i++, b >>= 1) \ |
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if (b & 1) |
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#endif /* BITMATH_FUNC_HPP */ |