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#!/usr/bin/env python

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

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#

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# Library to extract EXIF information from digital camera image files

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# http://sourceforge.net/projects/exif-py/

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#

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# VERSION 1.1.0

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#

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# To use this library call with:

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#    f = open(path_name, 'rb')

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#    tags = EXIF.process_file(f)

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#

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# To ignore MakerNote tags, pass the -q or --quick

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# command line arguments, or as

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#    tags = EXIF.process_file(f, details=False)

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#

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# To stop processing after a certain tag is retrieved,

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# pass the -t TAG or --stop-tag TAG argument, or as

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#    tags = EXIF.process_file(f, stop_tag='TAG')

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#

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# where TAG is a valid tag name, ex 'DateTimeOriginal'

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#

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# These 2 are useful when you are retrieving a large list of images

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#

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#

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# To return an error on invalid tags,

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# pass the -s or --strict argument, or as

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#    tags = EXIF.process_file(f, strict=True)

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#

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# Otherwise these tags will be ignored

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#

    32

# Returned tags will be a dictionary mapping names of EXIF tags to their

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# values in the file named by path_name.  You can process the tags

    34

# as you wish.  In particular, you can iterate through all the tags with:

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#     for tag in tags.keys():

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#         if tag not in ('JPEGThumbnail', 'TIFFThumbnail', 'Filename',

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#                        'EXIF MakerNote'):

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#             print "Key: %s, value %s" % (tag, tags[tag])

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# (This code uses the if statement to avoid printing out a few of the

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# tags that tend to be long or boring.)

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#

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# The tags dictionary will include keys for all of the usual EXIF

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# tags, and will also include keys for Makernotes used by some

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# cameras, for which we have a good specification.

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#

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# Note that the dictionary keys are the IFD name followed by the

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# tag name. For example:

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# 'EXIF DateTimeOriginal', 'Image Orientation', 'MakerNote FocusMode'

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#

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# Copyright (c) 2002-2007 Gene Cash All rights reserved

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# Copyright (c) 2007-2008 Ianaré Sévi All rights reserved

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#

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# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without

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# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions

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# are met:

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#

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#  1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright

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#     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

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#

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#  2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above

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#     copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following

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#     disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided

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#     with the distribution.

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#

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#  3. Neither the name of the authors nor the names of its contributors

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#     may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this

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#     software without specific prior written permission.

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#

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# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS

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# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT

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# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR

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# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT

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# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,

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# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT

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# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,

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# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY

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# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT

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# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE

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# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

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#

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#

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# ----- See 'changes.txt' file for all contributors and changes ----- #

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#

    85

    86

# Don't throw an exception when given an out of range character.

    87

def make_string(seq):

    88

    str = ''

    89

    for c in seq:

    90

        # Screen out non-printing characters

    91

        if 32 <= c and c < 256:

    92

            str += chr(c)

    93

    # If no printing chars

    94

    if not str:

    95

        return seq

    96

    return str

    97

    98

# Special version to deal with the code in the first 8 bytes of a user comment.

    99

# First 8 bytes gives coding system e.g. ASCII vs. JIS vs Unicode

   100

def make_string_uc(seq):

   101

    code = seq[0:8]

   102

    seq = seq[8:]

   103

    # Of course, this is only correct if ASCII, and the standard explicitly

   104

    # allows JIS and Unicode.

   105

    return make_string(seq)

   106

   107

# field type descriptions as (length, abbreviation, full name) tuples

   108

FIELD_TYPES = (

   109

    (0, 'X', 'Proprietary'), # no such type

   110

    (1, 'B', 'Byte'),

   111

    (1, 'A', 'ASCII'),

   112

    (2, 'S', 'Short'),

   113

    (4, 'L', 'Long'),

   114

    (8, 'R', 'Ratio'),

   115

    (1, 'SB', 'Signed Byte'),

   116

    (1, 'U', 'Undefined'),

   117

    (2, 'SS', 'Signed Short'),

   118

    (4, 'SL', 'Signed Long'),

   119

    (8, 'SR', 'Signed Ratio'),

   120

    )

   121

   122

# dictionary of main EXIF tag names

   123

# first element of tuple is tag name, optional second element is

   124

# another dictionary giving names to values

   125

EXIF_TAGS = {

   126

    0x0100: ('ImageWidth', ),

   127

    0x0101: ('ImageLength', ),

   128

    0x0102: ('BitsPerSample', ),

   129

    0x0103: ('Compression',

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             {1: 'Uncompressed',

   131

              2: 'CCITT 1D',

   132

              3: 'T4/Group 3 Fax',

   133

              4: 'T6/Group 4 Fax',

   134

              5: 'LZW',

   135

              6: 'JPEG (old-style)',

   136

              7: 'JPEG',

   137

              8: 'Adobe Deflate',

   138

              9: 'JBIG B&W',

   139

              10: 'JBIG Color',

   140

              32766: 'Next',

   141

              32769: 'Epson ERF Compressed',

   142

              32771: 'CCIRLEW',

   143

              32773: 'PackBits',

   144

              32809: 'Thunderscan',

   145

              32895: 'IT8CTPAD',

   146

              32896: 'IT8LW',

   147

              32897: 'IT8MP',

   148

              32898: 'IT8BL',

   149

              32908: 'PixarFilm',

   150

              32909: 'PixarLog',

   151

              32946: 'Deflate',

   152

              32947: 'DCS',

   153

              34661: 'JBIG',

   154

              34676: 'SGILog',

   155

              34677: 'SGILog24',

   156

              34712: 'JPEG 2000',

   157

              34713: 'Nikon NEF Compressed',

   158

              65000: 'Kodak DCR Compressed',

   159

              65535: 'Pentax PEF Compressed'}),

   160

    0x0106: ('PhotometricInterpretation', ),

   161

    0x0107: ('Thresholding', ),

   162

    0x010A: ('FillOrder', ),

   163

    0x010D: ('DocumentName', ),

   164

    0x010E: ('ImageDescription', ),

   165

    0x010F: ('Make', ),

   166

    0x0110: ('Model', ),

   167

    0x0111: ('StripOffsets', ),

   168

    0x0112: ('Orientation',

   169

             {1: 'Horizontal (normal)',

   170

              2: 'Mirrored horizontal',

   171

              3: 'Rotated 180',

   172

              4: 'Mirrored vertical',

   173

              5: 'Mirrored horizontal then rotated 90 CCW',

   174

              6: 'Rotated 90 CW',

   175

              7: 'Mirrored horizontal then rotated 90 CW',

   176

              8: 'Rotated 90 CCW'}),

   177

    0x0115: ('SamplesPerPixel', ),

   178

    0x0116: ('RowsPerStrip', ),

   179

    0x0117: ('StripByteCounts', ),

   180

    0x011A: ('XResolution', ),

   181

    0x011B: ('YResolution', ),

   182

    0x011C: ('PlanarConfiguration', ),

   183

    0x011D: ('PageName', make_string),

   184

    0x0128: ('ResolutionUnit',

   185

             {1: 'Not Absolute',

   186

              2: 'Pixels/Inch',

   187

              3: 'Pixels/Centimeter'}),

   188

    0x012D: ('TransferFunction', ),

   189

    0x0131: ('Software', ),

   190

    0x0132: ('DateTime', ),

   191

    0x013B: ('Artist', ),

   192

    0x013E: ('WhitePoint', ),

   193

    0x013F: ('PrimaryChromaticities', ),

   194

    0x0156: ('TransferRange', ),

   195

    0x0200: ('JPEGProc', ),

   196

    0x0201: ('JPEGInterchangeFormat', ),

   197

    0x0202: ('JPEGInterchangeFormatLength', ),

   198

    0x0211: ('YCbCrCoefficients', ),

   199

    0x0212: ('YCbCrSubSampling', ),

   200

    0x0213: ('YCbCrPositioning',

   201

             {1: 'Centered',

   202

              2: 'Co-sited'}),

   203

    0x0214: ('ReferenceBlackWhite', ),

   204

   205

    0x4746: ('Rating', ),

   206

   207

    0x828D: ('CFARepeatPatternDim', ),

   208

    0x828E: ('CFAPattern', ),

   209

    0x828F: ('BatteryLevel', ),

   210

    0x8298: ('Copyright', ),

   211

    0x829A: ('ExposureTime', ),

   212

    0x829D: ('FNumber', ),

   213

    0x83BB: ('IPTC/NAA', ),

   214

    0x8769: ('ExifOffset', ),

   215

    0x8773: ('InterColorProfile', ),

   216

    0x8822: ('ExposureProgram',

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             {0: 'Unidentified',

   218

              1: 'Manual',

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              2: 'Program Normal',

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              3: 'Aperture Priority',

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              4: 'Shutter Priority',

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              5: 'Program Creative',

   223

              6: 'Program Action',

   224

              7: 'Portrait Mode',

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              8: 'Landscape Mode'}),

   226

    0x8824: ('SpectralSensitivity', ),

   227

    0x8825: ('GPSInfo', ),

   228

    0x8827: ('ISOSpeedRatings', ),

   229

    0x8828: ('OECF', ),

   230

    0x9000: ('ExifVersion', make_string),

   231

    0x9003: ('DateTimeOriginal', ),

   232

    0x9004: ('DateTimeDigitized', ),

   233

    0x9101: ('ComponentsConfiguration',

   234

             {0: '',

   235

              1: 'Y',

   236

              2: 'Cb',

   237

              3: 'Cr',

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              4: 'Red',

   239

              5: 'Green',

   240

              6: 'Blue'}),

   241

    0x9102: ('CompressedBitsPerPixel', ),

   242

    0x9201: ('ShutterSpeedValue', ),

   243

    0x9202: ('ApertureValue', ),

   244

    0x9203: ('BrightnessValue', ),

   245

    0x9204: ('ExposureBiasValue', ),

   246

    0x9205: ('MaxApertureValue', ),

   247

    0x9206: ('SubjectDistance', ),

   248

    0x9207: ('MeteringMode',

   249

             {0: 'Unidentified',

   250

              1: 'Average',

   251

              2: 'CenterWeightedAverage',

   252

              3: 'Spot',

   253

              4: 'MultiSpot',

   254

              5: 'Pattern'}),

   255

    0x9208: ('LightSource',

   256

             {0: 'Unknown',

   257

              1: 'Daylight',

   258

              2: 'Fluorescent',

   259

              3: 'Tungsten',

   260

              9: 'Fine Weather',

   261

              10: 'Flash',

   262

              11: 'Shade',

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              12: 'Daylight Fluorescent',

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              13: 'Day White Fluorescent',

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              14: 'Cool White Fluorescent',

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              15: 'White Fluorescent',

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              17: 'Standard Light A',

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              18: 'Standard Light B',

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              19: 'Standard Light C',

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              20: 'D55',

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              21: 'D65',

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              22: 'D75',

   273

              255: 'Other'}),

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    0x9209: ('Flash',

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             {0: 'No',

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              1: 'Fired',

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              5: 'Fired (?)', # no return sensed

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              7: 'Fired (!)', # return sensed

   279

              9: 'Fill Fired',

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              13: 'Fill Fired (?)',

   281

              15: 'Fill Fired (!)',

   282

              16: 'Off',

   283

              24: 'Auto Off',

   284

              25: 'Auto Fired',

   285

              29: 'Auto Fired (?)',

   286

              31: 'Auto Fired (!)',

   287

              32: 'Not Available'}),

   288

    0x920A: ('FocalLength', ),

   289

    0x9214: ('SubjectArea', ),

   290

    0x927C: ('MakerNote', ),

   291

    0x9286: ('UserComment', make_string_uc),

   292

    0x9290: ('SubSecTime', ),

   293

    0x9291: ('SubSecTimeOriginal', ),

   294

    0x9292: ('SubSecTimeDigitized', ),

   295

   296

    # used by Windows Explorer

   297

    0x9C9B: ('XPTitle', ),

   298

    0x9C9C: ('XPComment', ),

   299

    0x9C9D: ('XPAuthor', ), #(ignored by Windows Explorer if Artist exists)

   300

    0x9C9E: ('XPKeywords', ),

   301

    0x9C9F: ('XPSubject', ),

   302

   303

    0xA000: ('FlashPixVersion', make_string),

   304

    0xA001: ('ColorSpace',

   305

             {1: 'sRGB',

   306

              2: 'Adobe RGB',

   307

              65535: 'Uncalibrated'}),

   308

    0xA002: ('ExifImageWidth', ),

   309

    0xA003: ('ExifImageLength', ),

   310

    0xA005: ('InteroperabilityOffset', ),

   311

    0xA20B: ('FlashEnergy', ),               # 0x920B in TIFF/EP

   312

    0xA20C: ('SpatialFrequencyResponse', ),  # 0x920C

   313

    0xA20E: ('FocalPlaneXResolution', ),     # 0x920E

   314

    0xA20F: ('FocalPlaneYResolution', ),     # 0x920F

   315

    0xA210: ('FocalPlaneResolutionUnit', ),  # 0x9210

   316

    0xA214: ('SubjectLocation', ),           # 0x9214

   317

    0xA215: ('ExposureIndex', ),             # 0x9215

   318

    0xA217: ('SensingMethod',                # 0x9217

   319

             {1: 'Not defined',

   320

              2: 'One-chip color area',

   321

              3: 'Two-chip color area',

   322

              4: 'Three-chip color area',

   323

              5: 'Color sequential area',

   324

              7: 'Trilinear',

   325

              8: 'Color sequential linear'}),             

   326

    0xA300: ('FileSource',

   327

             {1: 'Film Scanner',

   328

              2: 'Reflection Print Scanner',

   329

              3: 'Digital Camera'}),

   330

    0xA301: ('SceneType',

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             {1: 'Directly Photographed'}),

   332

    0xA302: ('CVAPattern', ),

   333

    0xA401: ('CustomRendered',

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             {0: 'Normal',

   335

              1: 'Custom'}),

   336

    0xA402: ('ExposureMode',

   337

             {0: 'Auto Exposure',

   338

              1: 'Manual Exposure',

   339

              2: 'Auto Bracket'}),

   340

    0xA403: ('WhiteBalance',

   341

             {0: 'Auto',

   342

              1: 'Manual'}),

   343

    0xA404: ('DigitalZoomRatio', ),

   344

    0xA405: ('FocalLengthIn35mmFilm', ),

   345

    0xA406: ('SceneCaptureType',

   346

             {0: 'Standard',

   347

              1: 'Landscape',

   348

              2: 'Portrait',

   349

              3: 'Night)'}),

   350

    0xA407: ('GainControl',

   351

             {0: 'None',

   352

              1: 'Low gain up',

   353

              2: 'High gain up',

   354

              3: 'Low gain down',

   355

              4: 'High gain down'}),

   356

    0xA408: ('Contrast',

   357

             {0: 'Normal',

   358

              1: 'Soft',

   359

              2: 'Hard'}),

   360

    0xA409: ('Saturation',

   361

             {0: 'Normal',

   362

              1: 'Soft',

   363

              2: 'Hard'}),

   364

    0xA40A: ('Sharpness',

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             {0: 'Normal',

   366

              1: 'Soft',

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              2: 'Hard'}),

   368

    0xA40B: ('DeviceSettingDescription', ),

   369

    0xA40C: ('SubjectDistanceRange', ),

   370

    0xA500: ('Gamma', ),

   371

    0xC4A5: ('PrintIM', ),

   372

    0xEA1C:	('Padding', ),

   373

    }

   374

   375

# interoperability tags

   376

INTR_TAGS = {

   377

    0x0001: ('InteroperabilityIndex', ),

   378

    0x0002: ('InteroperabilityVersion', ),

   379

    0x1000: ('RelatedImageFileFormat', ),

   380

    0x1001: ('RelatedImageWidth', ),

   381

    0x1002: ('RelatedImageLength', ),

   382

    }

   383

   384

# GPS tags (not used yet, haven't seen camera with GPS)

   385

GPS_TAGS = {

   386

    0x0000: ('GPSVersionID', ),

   387

    0x0001: ('GPSLatitudeRef', ),

   388

    0x0002: ('GPSLatitude', ),

   389

    0x0003: ('GPSLongitudeRef', ),

   390

    0x0004: ('GPSLongitude', ),

   391

    0x0005: ('GPSAltitudeRef', ),

   392

    0x0006: ('GPSAltitude', ),

   393

    0x0007: ('GPSTimeStamp', ),

   394

    0x0008: ('GPSSatellites', ),

   395

    0x0009: ('GPSStatus', ),

   396

    0x000A: ('GPSMeasureMode', ),

   397

    0x000B: ('GPSDOP', ),

   398

    0x000C: ('GPSSpeedRef', ),

   399

    0x000D: ('GPSSpeed', ),

   400

    0x000E: ('GPSTrackRef', ),

   401

    0x000F: ('GPSTrack', ),

   402

    0x0010: ('GPSImgDirectionRef', ),

   403

    0x0011: ('GPSImgDirection', ),

   404

    0x0012: ('GPSMapDatum', ),

   405

    0x0013: ('GPSDestLatitudeRef', ),

   406

    0x0014: ('GPSDestLatitude', ),

   407

    0x0015: ('GPSDestLongitudeRef', ),

   408

    0x0016: ('GPSDestLongitude', ),

   409

    0x0017: ('GPSDestBearingRef', ),

   410

    0x0018: ('GPSDestBearing', ),

   411

    0x0019: ('GPSDestDistanceRef', ),

   412

    0x001A: ('GPSDestDistance', ),

   413

    0x001D: ('GPSDate', ),

   414

    }

   415

   416

# Ignore these tags when quick processing

   417

# 0x927C is MakerNote Tags

   418

# 0x9286 is user comment

   419

IGNORE_TAGS=(0x9286, 0x927C)

   420

   421

# http://tomtia.plala.jp/DigitalCamera/MakerNote/index.asp

   422

def nikon_ev_bias(seq):

   423

    # First digit seems to be in steps of 1/6 EV.

   424

    # Does the third value mean the step size?  It is usually 6,

   425

    # but it is 12 for the ExposureDifference.

   426

    #

   427

    # Check for an error condition that could cause a crash.

   428

    # This only happens if something has gone really wrong in

   429

    # reading the Nikon MakerNote.

   430

    if len( seq ) < 4 : return ""

   431

    #

   432

    if seq == [252, 1, 6, 0]:

   433

        return "-2/3 EV"

   434

    if seq == [253, 1, 6, 0]:

   435

        return "-1/2 EV"

   436

    if seq == [254, 1, 6, 0]:

   437

        return "-1/3 EV"

   438

    if seq == [0, 1, 6, 0]:

   439

        return "0 EV"

   440

    if seq == [2, 1, 6, 0]:

   441

        return "+1/3 EV"

   442

    if seq == [3, 1, 6, 0]:

   443

        return "+1/2 EV"

   444

    if seq == [4, 1, 6, 0]:

   445

        return "+2/3 EV"

   446

    # Handle combinations not in the table.

   447

    a = seq[0]

   448

    # Causes headaches for the +/- logic, so special case it.

   449

    if a == 0:

   450

        return "0 EV"

   451

    if a > 127:

   452

        a = 256 - a

   453

        ret_str = "-"

   454

    else:

   455

        ret_str = "+"

   456

    b = seq[2]	# Assume third value means the step size

   457

    whole = a / b

   458

    a = a % b

   459

    if whole != 0:

   460

        ret_str = ret_str + str(whole) + " "

   461

    if a == 0:

   462

        ret_str = ret_str + "EV"

   463

    else:

   464

        r = Ratio(a, b)

   465

        ret_str = ret_str + r.__repr__() + " EV"

   466

    return ret_str

   467

   468

# Nikon E99x MakerNote Tags

   469

MAKERNOTE_NIKON_NEWER_TAGS={

   470

    0x0001: ('MakernoteVersion', make_string),	# Sometimes binary

   471

    0x0002: ('ISOSetting', make_string),

   472

    0x0003: ('ColorMode', ),

   473

    0x0004: ('Quality', ),

   474

    0x0005: ('Whitebalance', ),

   475

    0x0006: ('ImageSharpening', ),

   476

    0x0007: ('FocusMode', ),

   477

    0x0008: ('FlashSetting', ),

   478

    0x0009: ('AutoFlashMode', ),

   479

    0x000B: ('WhiteBalanceBias', ),

   480

    0x000C: ('WhiteBalanceRBCoeff', ),

   481

    0x000D: ('ProgramShift', nikon_ev_bias),

   482

    # Nearly the same as the other EV vals, but step size is 1/12 EV (?)

   483

    0x000E: ('ExposureDifference', nikon_ev_bias),

   484

    0x000F: ('ISOSelection', ),

   485

    0x0011: ('NikonPreview', ),

   486

    0x0012: ('FlashCompensation', nikon_ev_bias),

   487

    0x0013: ('ISOSpeedRequested', ),

   488

    0x0016: ('PhotoCornerCoordinates', ),

   489

    # 0x0017: Unknown, but most likely an EV value

   490

    0x0018: ('FlashBracketCompensationApplied', nikon_ev_bias),

   491

    0x0019: ('AEBracketCompensationApplied', ),

   492

    0x001A: ('ImageProcessing', ),

   493

    0x001B: ('CropHiSpeed', ),

   494

    0x001D: ('SerialNumber', ),	# Conflict with 0x00A0 ?

   495

    0x001E: ('ColorSpace', ),

   496

    0x001F: ('VRInfo', ),

   497

    0x0020: ('ImageAuthentication', ),

   498

    0x0022: ('ActiveDLighting', ),

   499

    0x0023: ('PictureControl', ),

   500

    0x0024: ('WorldTime', ),

   501

    0x0025: ('ISOInfo', ),

   502

    0x0080: ('ImageAdjustment', ),

   503

    0x0081: ('ToneCompensation', ),

   504

    0x0082: ('AuxiliaryLens', ),

   505

    0x0083: ('LensType', ),

   506

    0x0084: ('LensMinMaxFocalMaxAperture', ),

   507

    0x0085: ('ManualFocusDistance', ),

   508

    0x0086: ('DigitalZoomFactor', ),

   509

    0x0087: ('FlashMode',

   510

             {0x00: 'Did Not Fire',

   511

              0x01: 'Fired, Manual',

   512

              0x07: 'Fired, External',

   513

              0x08: 'Fired, Commander Mode ',

   514

              0x09: 'Fired, TTL Mode'}),

   515

    0x0088: ('AFFocusPosition',

   516

             {0x0000: 'Center',

   517

              0x0100: 'Top',

   518

              0x0200: 'Bottom',

   519

              0x0300: 'Left',

   520

              0x0400: 'Right'}),

   521

    0x0089: ('BracketingMode',

   522

             {0x00: 'Single frame, no bracketing',

   523

              0x01: 'Continuous, no bracketing',

   524

              0x02: 'Timer, no bracketing',

   525

              0x10: 'Single frame, exposure bracketing',

   526

              0x11: 'Continuous, exposure bracketing',

   527

              0x12: 'Timer, exposure bracketing',

   528

              0x40: 'Single frame, white balance bracketing',

   529

              0x41: 'Continuous, white balance bracketing',

   530